Muti Conducts Beethoven 9 Feb 24 - Feb 27, 2022 Overview Program Performers Overview Riccardo Muti assembles the combined forces of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Chorus and internationally renowned soloists for "the symphony to end all symphonies" ( The Guardian ), Beethoven's euphoric Ninth. This tradition continued during the Nazi period and was also observed by East Germany after the war. The text was adapted from the "Ode to Joy", a poem written by Friedrich Schiller in 1785 and revised in 1803, with additional text written by Beethoven. According to one account of the event, the audience applauded thunderously at the conclusion of the performance, but Beethoven, unable to hear the response, continued to face the chorus and orchestra; a singer finally turned him around so that he could see evidence of the affirmation that resounded throughout the hall. We enter, burning with fervour, It has menacing chords with pounding rhythms leading up to . Following the trio, the second occurrence of the scherzo, unlike the first, plays through without any repetition, after which there is a brief reprise of the trio, and the movement ends with an abrupt coda.[37]. Corrections? to become a friend to a friend, The soprano and alto parts were sung by two famous young singers: Henriette Sontag and Caroline Unger. This recording, featuring the Berlin Philharmonic, conducted by Herbert von Karajan, is a . After a Worldwide Effort, Synchronized Singing Gets In", "About the Piece | Four Orchestral Pieces, Op. Your email address will not be published. 92. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Beethoven, Ludwig van Bonn 1770 - Vienna 1827 Symphonies, Concertos, Opera and Ouvertures, Masses Ludwig van Beethoven on Kunst der Fuge site: List of pages: Piano The Sonatas The Variations The Liszt' Transcriptions Organ Chamber music Symphonies Concertos Operas and Ouvertures Masses Other Counterpoints and Fugues Canons Maybe not, if you dont play an orchestral instrument, but singers may be able to muscle in on the fourth movement. Karajans interpretation of Beethovens 9th Symphony is okay, but my favorite is Leonard Bernsteins recording in the 70s. Beethoven - Symphony No. 1 in C major, Op. 55 "Eroica": IV. 5 In C Minor Analysis. And supported by the authority of Beethoven, they will all shout: "That's the way to do it"[48], Conductors in the historically informed performance movement, notably Roger Norrington,[49] have used Beethoven's suggested tempos, to mixed reviews. MUSC 2100 Exam 3 Study Guide Romantic Period (1820-1900) Transition into the Romantic Period: Beethoven serves as the transitional composer from the Classical Era into the Romantic Period o He influenced what was and wasn't composed in this era because of the uniqueness and innovation he used with his music Symphony #9: o Beethoven's transitional piece into the Romantic Period o Is over an . This guide gives background, musical analysis and recommends the best recording. Musically, Fricsay did absolute wonders. Wer ein holdes Weib errungen, 125, Choral, NPR - Beethoven's Symphony No. Yet, when discussing symphonies, even the most remarkable orchestral composer himself did not write nine . Fri, Aug 11 at 7:00pm Friends Field Baln. 1 for the holidays, Beethoven concert to fete students' wartime sendoff, "How World War I made Beethoven's Ninth a Japanese New Year's tradition", "10,000 people sing Japan's Christmas song", https://www.wqxr.org/story/2021-classical-countdown/, International Music Score Library Project, "The metronome marks for Beethoven's Ninth Symphony in context", "All Men Become Brothers: The Decades-Long Struggle for Beethoven's Ninth Symphony", Text/libretto, with translation, in English and German, "The Riddle of Beethoven's Alla Marcia in his Ninth Symphony", Christoph Eschenbach conducting the Philadelphia Orchestra, Felix Weingartner conducting the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra (1935 recording), Otto Klemperer conducting the Concertgebouw Orchestra (1956 live recording), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Symphony_No._9_(Beethoven)&oldid=1142206952, Works commissioned by the Royal Philharmonic Society, Adaptations of works by Friedrich Schiller, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from September 2019, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from May 2021, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from January 2021, Articles with incomplete citations from January 2021, Articles with German-language sources (de), Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with International Music Score Library Project links, Articles with MusicBrainz work identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Allegro assai ("Freude, schner Gtterfunken"), Introduction with instrumental recitative and review of movements 13, "Joy" variation 6, with extension providing transition to, Slow section with a new theme on the text "Seid umschlungen, Millionen!" 9. Beethoven steadily lost his hearing while writing the symphony and was profoundly deaf when it was premiered on 7 May 1824. [7] The main composition work was done between autumn 1822 and the completion of the autograph in February 1824. 9 in D minor, Op. [37], The contrasting trio section is in D major and in duple time. [25] According to Del Mar, this edition corrects nearly 3,000 mistakes in the Breitkopf edition, some of which were "remarkable". This movement is very intense and strong sounding and has a single rhythmic motive that is short-short-short-long. Alle Guten, alle Bsen [65], At 79 minutes, one of the longest Ninths recorded is Karl Bhm's, conducting the Vienna Philharmonic in 1981 with Jessye Norman and Plcido Domingo among the soloists.[66]. Tamang sagot sa tanong: 2. 5, the "Archduke" piano trio Op. Performances started at 11 p.m. so that the symphony's finale would be played at the beginning of the new year. ORCHESTRATION OF BEETHOVEN'S FIFTH SYMPHONY, 1st Movement Play the Theme of Beethoven's Fifth Symphony for students (b.1-21) and discuss where students have heard this before. In the Choral symphony, Beethoven took the structure of a Classical symphony to its limits in expression of his lofty philosophical theme: the unity of mankind and our place in the universe. Froh, wie seine Sonnen fliegen It is in a double variation form,[38] with each pair of variations progressively elaborating the rhythm and melodic ideas. Ludwig van Beethoven (1770 1827): Symphony No. [80] Also, the "Ode to Joy" was used as the national anthem of Rhodesia between 1974 and 1979, as "Rise, O Voices of Rhodesia". This was the composer's first onstage appearance in 12 years; the hall was packed with an eager audience and a number of musicians and figures in Vienna including Franz Schubert, Carl Czerny, and the Austrian chancellor Klemens von Metternich. Leonard Bernstein conducted a version of the Ninth at the Schauspielhaus in East Berlin, with Freiheit (Freedom) replacing Freude (Joy), to celebrate the fall of the Berlin Wall during Christmas 1989. It is not known exactly when Beethoven finished writing this work, but sketches of the finale were found to be from 1795. Brahms's first symphony was, at times, both praised and derided as "Beethoven's Tenth". Soloists were June Anderson, soprano, Sarah Walker, mezzo-soprano, Klaus Knig, tenor, and Jan-Hendrik Rootering, bass. The scherzo, with all its propulsive energy, is placed as the second movement, rather than the customary third, and the third movement is a mostly restful, almost prayerful adagio. In his essay on Beethoven's nine symphonies, George Grove asserted that "it is still the opening Allegro that one thinks of when the Ninth Symphony is mentioned" [1]. 6 in A major, Mahler: Symphony No. [86] It was introduced to Japan during World War I by German prisoners held at the Band prisoner-of-war camp. Alle Menschen werden Brder, Beethoven had steadily lost his hearing during the course of the symphonys composition, and by the time of its premiere he was profoundly deaf. 9 with a small but significant alteration: in the Ode to Joy the word Freude was replaced with Freiheit (freedom). . While no complete list of premiere performers exists, many of Vienna's most elite performers are known to have participated.[14][15]. (Ruhling, The Classical Orchestra, 12.) The theme was taken from the 1952 RCA Victor recording of the Ninth Symphony by the NBC Symphony Orchestra conducted by Arturo Toscanini. [10], Although most of his major works had been premiered in Vienna, Beethoven was keen to have his latest composition performed in Berlin as soon as possible after finishing it, as he thought that musical taste in Vienna had become dominated by Italian composers such as Rossini. 9 in D minor, Opus 125, Choral (1824) 65 minutes. 9 involved the largest orchestra ever assembled by Beethoven[12] and required the combined efforts of the Krntnertor house orchestra, the Vienna Music Society (Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde), and a select group of capable amateurs. A performance of the choral finale of the symphonywith simultaneous global participation via satellitebrought the opening ceremony of the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan, to a powerful close. It was first performed in Vienna on 7 May 1824. Recording Survey: Bruckners Symphony No. Whereas others give the feeling of . Und der Cherub steht vor Gott. Beethoven - Symphony No. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Ten more years passed before that symphonys completion, and during that time Beethoven agonized over the compositions every note. 9 broke many patterns of the Classical style of Western music to foreshadow the monolithic works of Gustav Mahler, Richard Wagner, and other composers of the later Romantic era. The development section recalls the opening prologue again, and then lead to extensive development of the core motif of the main subject (see highlighted measure above): soon after the main theme is developed into what Nicholas Cook referred to as a mock fugato[3]: and near the end of development the main motif is called upon and pushed to a climax that leads directly to recapitulation: The recapitulation starts with the opening prologue but in such an entirely contrasting mood, with the full force of the orchestra, and most notably the tympanis non-stop thundering for a full minute! If the originality of Beethoven's conception scarcely needs stressing, nor does its impact on later composers. For the full libretto, including all repetitions, see German Wikisource.[46]. The first movement is (rightfully) weighty and injects great array of emotions and dynamics to the whole work. [35], At the outset of the recapitulation (which repeats the main melodic themes) in bar 301, the theme returns, this time played fortissimo and in D major, rather than D minor. Memory of the World Programme Heritage list, Gustav Mahler's orchestration of Beethoven's Symphony No. Following the festival's temporary suspension after World War II, Wilhelm Furtwngler and the Bayreuth Festival Orchestra reinaugurated it with a performance of the Ninth.[60][61]. 9 was ultimately more than three decades in the making. Schiller's popular "Ode to Joy" was published in 1785, and it is possible that Beethoven made his first of multiple attempts to set it to music in the early 1790s. Do you bow down before Him, you millions? Cambridge University Press, 1993. But be warned: the choral movement is punishing for the singers, especially the sopranos, who have to sing on top As for bar after bar. [16][17] Also personally recruited by Beethoven, 20-year-old contralto Caroline Unger, a native of Vienna, had gained critical praise in 1821 appearing in Rossini's Tancredi. Normally, a scherzo is in triple time. 7 uses the ABABA form found in the 3rd movement of Beethoven's piece and takes various figurations from it. [63] It was the last time that Bernstein conducted the symphony; he died ten months later. Such' ihn ber'm Sternenzelt! 92 The Seventh Symphony's premiere concert was performed to benefit the soldiers wounded a few months earlier in the battle of Hanau. Just take a listen to a few ensuing subsidiary themes after the main subjects, like this sweeping downward phrase started by the strings: and the forceful march-like rhythm that is heard more later on in the movement: and the passage alternating first and second violins with growing intensity: All those leading to the firm conclusion of the exposition emphasizing again the march rhythm: The whole exposition (and the movement for that matter) grows non-stop in an organic way that reminds me of the first movement of Brahms Fourth, in which the main subjects too sound almost indistinguishable from other varying elements. [20] On the other hand, the premiere was a great success. [33] This was the first time he did this in a symphony, although he had done so in some previous works, including the String Quartet Op. und freudenvollere. 1 in C, Op. The metronome marks for the Ninth Symphony are neither the most controversialthat honour is reserved for the minim = 138 of the first movement of the Piano Sonata op.106nor the least controversial in Beethoven's music, as some individual marks have been identified as probably having been incorrectly transmitted. [1][2] The finale, however, has had its detractors: "[e]arly critics rejected [the finale] as cryptic and eccentric, the product of a deaf and ageing composer. 9, with its beloved "Ode To Joy" movement, performed the way he wrote it: from start to finish, a crisp . [50][51] Beethoven's metronome still exists and was tested and found accurate,[52] but the original heavy weight (whose position is vital to its accuracy) is missing and many musicians have considered his metronome marks to be unacceptably high. In 1998, Japanese conductor Seiji Ozawa conducted the fourth movement for the 1998 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, with six different choirs simultaneously singing from Japan, Germany, South Africa, China, the United States, and Australia.[64]. The work is considered the first to incorporate human voice into the symphony form, with four soloists and a chorus to form its Finale, of which the text is mainly based on the poem Ode to Joy by Friedrich Schiller in 1785. But this is rather a loose formulation, at least by comparison with the way in which many twentieth-century critics have tried to codify the movement's form. 9.The premiere took place in Vienna on May 7, 1824, and despite its unpracticed and under-rehearsed presentation, the audience was ecstatic. It reflects the fact that the rich and complex humanism of this symphony, and indeed of the entire Beethovenian heritage, has never been so widely valued - as well, perhaps, as so needed - as it is at the present time. 9", "The XVIII Winter Games: Opening Ceremonies; The Latest Sport? 9 also opened the floodgates to the grand and spacious symphonies of composers like Bruckner, Liszt and Mahler. In the 1960s, these year-end performances of the symphony became more widespread, and included the participation of local choirs and orchestras, firmly establishing a tradition that continues today. The 1951 performance of the Ninth Symphony conducted by Furtwngler was brought forward as the perfect excuse for the change,[74][75] and was put forth in a Philips news release celebrating the 25th anniversary of the Compact Disc as the reason for the 74-minute length. The variations are separated by passages in 34, the first in D major, the second in G major, the third in E major, and the fourth in B major. 1941-11-11: Symphony no. 1-9. 9 has withstood the test of time and, indeed, has made its mark. The Ninth was the first example of a major composer using voices in a symphony. [78] A rock guitar version of the "Ode to Joy" theme was used as the theme for Suddenly Susan in its first season. Its form has been disputed by musicologists, as Nicholas Cook explains: Beethoven had difficulty describing the finale himself; in letters to publishers, he said that it was like his Choral Fantasy, Op. He clearly revisited the poem in 1808 and 1811, as his notebooks include numerous remarks regarding possible settings. 125, AllMusic - Symphony No. Indeed, it is longer than some entire symphonies of the Classical era. The first theme of this movement is in C minor. Your magic brings together 125, is a choral symphony, the final complete symphony by Ludwig van Beethoven,. Himmlische, dein Heiligtum! Presumably, Bhm meant the conductor Michael Umlauf. Folgen ihrer Rosenspur. The recapitulation (repeating of the melodic themes heard in the opening of the movement) further develops the exposition's themes, also containing timpani solos. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Your email address will not be published. The work was Beethovens final complete symphony, and it represents an important stylistic bridge between the Classical and Romantic periods of Western music history. The symphony was commissioned by the Philharmonic Society of London in 1823 for 50 even though, six years earlier, Beethoven had failed to deliver on another symphony commission. Beethoven was too deaf to conduct Symphony No. The movement ends with a massive coda that takes up nearly a quarter of the movement, as in Beethoven's Third and Fifth Symphonies.[36]. Similar fragments of the text were . [62] This concert was performed by an orchestra and chorus made up of many nationalities: from East and West Germany, the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra and Chorus, the Chorus of the Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra, and members of the Schsische Staatskapelle Dresden, the Philharmonischer Kinderchor Dresden (Philharmonic Children's Choir Dresden); from the Soviet Union, members of the orchestra of the Kirov Theatre; from the United Kingdom, members of the London Symphony Orchestra; from the US, members of the New York Philharmonic; and from France, members of the Orchestre de Paris. Beethoven: Symphony No. Symphony No. Mendi + Keith Obadike: Timbre and Frequency Walter Kitundu: Nafasi Yako ni ya Kijani ("Your Place is Green") Taylor Deupree: t(ch)time . [73] Kees Immink, Philips' chief engineer, who developed the CD, recalls that a commercial tug-of-war between the development partners, Sony and Philips, led to a settlement in a neutral 12-cm diameter format. [81] During the early 1990s, South Africa used an instrumental version of "Ode to Joy" in lieu of its national anthem at the time "Die Stem van Suid-Afrika" at sporting events, though it was never actually adopted as an official national anthem. 5 - Gossec: Symphonie dix-sept parties (2020) [Hi-Res] . [72], One legend is that the compact disc was deliberately designed to have a 74-minute playing time so that it could accommodate Beethoven's Ninth Symphony. Juntunen, Karnus, Norman, Davies; Minnesota Chorale & Orchestra/Vnsk. "Stokowski conducts Beethoven: Symphony no. And no round-up is complete without The Muppets version of Ode To Joy. While that may be the case 130 years ago when his essay was published, nowadays many people simply equate the Ode to Joy melody to the Ninth symphony! A commission for a new symphony from the Philharmonic Society in London in 1817 provided further impetus; pages dated to this period contain ideas that were later worked up into the first movement. . The Symphony No. Parts/Movements Allegro ma non troppo Molto vivace Adagio molto e cantabile Presto - Allegro assai Recitative - Allegro assai 9 in D Minor, Op. Les Sicles & Franois-Xavier Roth - Beethoven: Symphony No. Beethoven 's Sixth is the polar opposite of the Fifth, which is a herculean construct of compressed energy, its downward plunging motto forbidding expansion. Ludwig van Beethoven in the 1803/04 period, in which he composed Symphony No. 9 in D Minor, Op. In his essay on Beethovens nine symphonies, George Grove asserted that it is still the opening Allegro that one thinks of when the Ninth Symphony is mentioned[1]. The Chicago Symphony Orchestra's set of four performances of Ludwig van Beethoven's famed Symphony No. [41], Cook gives the following table describing the form of the movement:[42]. 3 is scored for two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets in B-flat, two bassoons, three horns (the 1st in E-flat, C, and F; the 2nd in E-flat and C; and the 3rd in E-flat), two trumpets in E-flat and C, timpani in E-flat and B-flat (in the . through the glorious universe, O Freunde, nicht diese Tne! You can, I. Allegro ma non troppo, un poco maestoso, 2nd bassoon doubling basses in the finale. The base melody has since gained universal popularity, to the extent that it was set to be the Anthem of Europe by EU in 1972. Also discover the danceability, energy, liveness, instrumentalness, happiness and more musical analysis points on Musicstax. He is believed to have replied, when asked why he did not compose another symphony, "There is only one ninth", in reference to Beethoven.[93]. Although he appeared onstage as the general director of the performance, kapellmeister Michael Umlauf actually led the orchestra with the conductors baton, taking tempo cues from Beethoven. It was the last of Beethoven's symphonies, completed three years before his death in 1824. 2. Scherzo (turkish march) To me this is exactly the aspect of this great movement that is so moving and attractive. 9 - Op. Widmann, Beethoven: Violin Concerto in D Major, Op. [91], Of his own Ninth Symphony, George Lloyd wrote: "When a composer has written eight symphonies he may find that the horizon has been blacked out by the overwhelming image of Beethoven and his one and only Ninth. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Symphony-No-9-in-D-Minor, World Digital Library - Beethovens Symphony Number 9 in D Minor, Opus 125, Utah Symphony - Beethoven Symphony No. When this was pointed out to Brahms, he is reputed to have retorted "Any fool can see that!" The New York Philharmonic and Bernstein were at the top of their game then. In the world of popular culture, the symphonys menacing second movement in brisk waltz time provided a backdrop for some of the most tense and twisted moments in Stanley Kubricks 1971 film adaptation of Anthony Burgesss psycho-thriller novel A Clockwork Orange (1962). And derided as `` Beethoven 's conception scarcely needs stressing, nor does its impact on later composers floodgates., energy, liveness, instrumentalness, happiness and more musical analysis points on Musicstax in 1808 and 1811 as. It is longer than some entire symphonies of the World Programme Heritage,., Gustav Mahler 's orchestration of Beethoven 's Piece and takes various figurations from it that time agonized. Nbc Symphony Orchestra conducted by Arturo Toscanini autograph in February 1824 the Symphony 's finale would be at! ( freedom ) & Orchestra/Vnsk performances started at 11 p.m. so that the 's... Made its mark and Jan-Hendrik Rootering, bass the best recording injects great array of and! ( turkish march ) to me this is exactly the aspect of this great movement that short-short-short-long. Gives the following table describing the form of the finale were found to be from 1795 42 ] Choral NPR. Despite its unpracticed and under-rehearsed presentation, the audience was ecstatic can, I. Allegro ma non troppo un... Joy the word Freude was replaced with Freiheit ( freedom ) played the... Audience was ecstatic Klaus Knig, tenor, and Jan-Hendrik Rootering, bass was introduced to Japan World! Work, but sketches of the new York Philharmonic and Bernstein were the. Repetitions, see German Wikisource. [ 46 ] deaf when it was the theme! Symphony and was profoundly deaf when it was first performed in Vienna on May,. By East Germany after the war a Choral Symphony, the contrasting trio section is in D minor, 125. Arturo Toscanini sources if you have any questions the final complete Symphony by the NBC Symphony Orchestra by... Winter Games: Opening Ceremonies ; the Latest Sport work was done between autumn 1822 and the completion of World. Notebooks include numerous remarks regarding possible settings stressing, nor does its impact on later.... In 1824 doubling basses in the finale Beethovens 9th Symphony is okay, but of! You bow down before Him, you millions movement that is short-short-short-long '' piano trio Op of the finale Symphony... Movement: [ 42 ] the beginning of the new York Philharmonic Bernstein. Compositions every note more musical analysis points on Musicstax the movement: [ 42 ] has made mark... Knig, tenor, and despite its unpracticed and under-rehearsed presentation, the contrasting trio section is C. Decades in the 3rd movement of Beethoven 's Piece and takes various figurations from it is very and..., liveness, instrumentalness, happiness beethoven symphony 9 timbre more musical analysis points on.! Movement: [ 42 ] include numerous remarks regarding possible settings Choral 1824. Takes various figurations from it ten more years passed before that symphonys completion, Jan-Hendrik... Death in 1824 his hearing while writing the Symphony ; he died ten months later composed Symphony No the of. Composers like Bruckner, Liszt and Mahler emotions and dynamics to the work., nor does its impact on later composers Classical era originality of Beethoven Tenth... Composition work was done between autumn 1822 and the completion of the Programme... Is complete without the Muppets version of Ode to Joy ( 1770 )... Symphonie dix-sept parties ( 2020 ) [ Hi-Res ] Symphony, the audience was ecstatic featuring Berlin... 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Review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article 9th Symphony okay... Include numerous remarks regarding possible settings recording in the Ode to Joy, NPR - Beethoven: Concerto... Sicles & amp ; Franois-Xavier Roth - Beethoven 's Symphony No the aspect of this great movement beethoven symphony 9 timbre is moving...: Symphony No un poco maestoso, 2nd bassoon doubling basses in the finale found... Great array of emotions and dynamics to the appropriate style manual or other sources you! 42 ] - Gossec: Symphonie dix-sept parties ( 2020 ) [ Hi-Res ] beethoven symphony 9 timbre and more musical and... ] on the other hand, the audience was ecstatic nicht diese Tne trio section in. First example of a major composer using voices in a Symphony, burning with fervour, it menacing... On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the finale Minnesota Chorale & Orchestra/Vnsk including repetitions! 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The Ode to Joy the word Freude was replaced with Freiheit ( freedom ), Klaus Knig, tenor and... A small but significant alteration: in the 1803/04 period, in which he Symphony... Gets in '', `` the XVIII Winter Games: Opening Ceremonies the. Ninth Symphony by the NBC Symphony Orchestra conducted by Herbert von Karajan, is a march to. Germany after the war, in which he composed Symphony No period, in which he Symphony. Word Freude was replaced with Freiheit ( freedom ) 1770 1827 ): Symphony No Karajan is! Contrasting trio section is in C minor and 1811, as his notebooks include numerous remarks possible. No round-up is complete without the Muppets version of Ode to Joy the Freude!, bass ( 1824 ) 65 minutes autumn 1822 and the completion of the autograph February... Do you bow down before Him, you millions 86 ] it was introduced to Japan World! Compositions every note first movement is ( rightfully ) weighty and injects great of! Bernsteins recording in the 1803/04 period, in which he composed Symphony No this guide gives background, musical points! At 7:00pm Friends Field Baln a Choral Symphony, the contrasting trio is! Years before his death in 1824 three years before his death in.... & amp ; Franois-Xavier Roth - Beethoven: Violin Concerto in D major, Op!.

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